How it works
- Billable hours per tech = paid hours per week × billable efficiency. A tech paid for 40 hours who spends 65% of them on jobs has 26 billable hours to sell.
- Hours needed = jobs per week × hours per job. At peak, multiply by your peak multiplier.
- Techs needed = hours needed ÷ billable hours per tech. Round up — you can't hire 0.4 of a tech, but overtime or a part-timer can cover a fraction.
- Utilization = hours needed ÷ (techs you have × billable hours per tech). Over 100% means the work doesn't fit in paid hours.
- From a revenue goal: jobs per week = monthly goal × 12 ÷ 52 ÷ average ticket.
Setting your hire trigger
Hiring takes time, and a new tech takes more time to get up to speed. If you wait until utilization is over 100%, you're already paying for it in overtime, tired techs, and calls you can't run. Pick a trigger from your own numbers — for example, booked hours running above a level you choose for several weeks in a row, or peak-week utilization over 100% on next season's plan — and start recruiting when you hit it. We don't quote an industry utilization target here; it depends on your mix of service, maintenance, and installs.
Things this leaves out
- Skills. Hours are not all the same. An install crew can't always run a diagnostic call, and a new tech can't run everything a senior tech can.
- Time off and ramp-up. Vacations, sick days, training, and a new hire's first months all cut real capacity below the math.
- Day-to-day swings. Weekly averages hide the Monday after a heat wave. Leave room for same-day calls. The HVAC dispatch and scheduling playbook shows how to hold and release a same-day reserve.
- Profit. Full trucks aren't profitable trucks. Check your rates too.
Where to get your numbers
Your field software or timesheets give you jobs per week and paid hours. Billable efficiency = hours on jobs (drive time included) ÷ paid hours. The guide The HVAC KPIs Every Shop Owner Should Track (2026) shows which numbers to pull. The anonymous Owner Numbers survey lets owners compare against real peers.
Related tools and guides
Ready to hire? The guide How to Hire and Keep HVAC Technicians (2026) covers finding and keeping good techs, and the HVAC technician turnover cost calculator shows what it costs when one leaves. Want to start from a yearly target? The HVAC revenue goal calculator turns it into jobs and calls per day. The HVAC break-even hourly rate calculator shows what each billable hour really costs. Once you know you need another tech, the should I hire another HVAC tech payback calculator shows what the hire costs each month and how long until it pays back.